If you have decided to take the plunge and start composting there are a number of ways you can go about it. The best approach for you will depend on your needs and lifestyle – the following guide will make your decision easy.
Hot Versus Cold
Almost all composting methods are considered to be either hot or cold; here is a brief look at the main differences.
Hot composting
This involves building and maintaining a high temperature at the centre of your compost pile, which is done by turning your compost regularly, keeping it moist and adding enough high-nitrogen materials. The heat generated breaks down organic matter extremely quickly and can even kill seeds from weeds.
Cold composting
To cold compost, simply pile your organic waste and let nature take its course! While virtually no effort is required, this method takes a lot longer to create compost and won’t kill seeds.
Whether you want to compost hot, cold or otherwise, the following are some of your best options.
Closed Bins
Closed bin composters are usually bottomless – sitting directly on top of the soil. They feature a lid, through which you can add your organic material, some have a low door for collecting the finished product.
Pros
- Inexpensive
- Organic matter is hidden
- Can handle large volumes
- Drains excess moisture easily
Cons
- Not always easy to access finished compost
- Difficult to turn
- Can attract pests
Tumblers
A variation of the closed bin method, this approach commonly features a closed container mounted on a support structure above the ground. There is a door through which you can add your organics, and a handle attached for turning it.
Pros
- Organic matter is hidden
- Easy to turn
- Highly pest-proof
Cons
- Expensive
- Heavy when full
- Some models are difficult to spin when 2/3 full
- The compost has no contact with the soil
Bokashi Composting
The Bokashi method uses microorganisms to ferment your organic waste, which is then either buried or added to an existing compost pile.
Pros
- It’s very easy and fast
- Waste is conveniently collected in the kitchen, without attracting insects
- Can compost all food waste, including citrus, meat, dairy
- Produces bokashi juice, a rich liquid fertiliser
Cons
- Requires a constant supply of bokashi mix
- Limited capacity for waste
- Requires empty garden space to bury the waste
Vermicomposting – Worm Farms
Certain types of worms will eat your organic waste and turn it into compost via their excrement. Apart from the worms, you will need a 3 or 4 level structure that has decent drainage, good air flow and a ‘bedding’ of moist, shredded paper.
Pros
- Organic matter is hidden
- Compact, no garden is required
- Produces worm juice, an excellent liquid fertiliser
Cons
- Worms require weekly care, i.e. right temperature & moisture levels
- Limited capacity for waste
- Cannot accept all food waste i.e. citrus, onions
Inground composting
This method involves burying your organics directly into the ground.
Pros
- Free
- Organic matter is hidden
Cons
- Slow
- Labour-intensive
- Can attract pests
- Requires empty garden space to bury the waste
Open Bin Systems
A system of bins where organic materials are separated based on how fresh or decomposed they are.
Pros
- Easy to turn and harvest
- Organic matter is partially hidden
- Ideal for hot composting
Cons
- Organic matter is partially visible
- Requires a large space
- Can attract pests
There is a composting method that will work well for just about anyone. If you need help deciding, talk to the experts at Bokashi.
